Skip to main content

Table 2 The relationship between on-site first aid and the number of outpatient visits

From: Effect of on-site first aid for industrial injuries on healthcare utilization after medical treatment: a 4-year retrospective longitudinal study

Variables

Mean

(/year)

Total outpatient visits per year

Model 1

Model 2a

Model 3b

CrudeRR

95% CI

aRR

95% CI

aRR

95% CI

On-site first aid

             
 

No first aid

15.243

1.000

   

1.000

   

1.000

   
 

On-site first aid

13.928

0.800*

0.699

-

0.916

0.840*

0.737

-

0.956

0.838*

0.740

-

0.950

Year

             
 

2018

     

1.000

   

1.000

   
 

2019

     

0.582*

0.503

-

0.673

0.577*

0.503

-

0.662

 

2020

     

0.528*

0.455

-

0.613

0.527*

0.457

-

0.607

 

2021

     

0.464*

0.404

-

0.533

0.465*

0.409

-

0.529

Sex

             
 

Male

     

1.000

   

1.000

   
 

Female

     

1.072

0.917

-

1.252

1.149

0.977

-

1.352

Age

             
 

Below 30s

     

1.000

   

1.000

   
 

40s

     

1.227

0.946

-

1.593

1.104

0.853

-

1.429

 

50s

     

1.364*

1.106

-

1.683

1.213

0.983

-

1.498

 

Above 60s

     

2.010*

1.590

-

2.542

1.709*

1.351

-

2.162

Education level

             
 

High school graduation or lower

     

1.000

   

1.000

   
 

University or higher

     

0.828*

0.708

-

0.969

0.847*

0.727

-

0.988

Current economic activity

             
 

Employed

     

1.000

   

1.000

   
 

Unemployed

     

0.952

0.751

-

1.207

0.947

0.757

-

1.184

 

Economically inactive population

     

0.931

0.816

-

1.062

0.925

0.819

-

1.045

Current household income

             
 

Lowest quintile

     

1.000

   

1.000

   
 

Second quintile

     

0.844*

0.715

-

0.997

0.843*

0.717

-

0.991

 

Middle quintile

     

0.770*

0.657

-

0.903

0.752*

0.645

-

0.876

 

Fourth quintile

     

0.954

0.787

-

1.157

0.889

0.736

-

1.074

 

Top quintile

     

0.911

0.727

-

1.142

0.815

0.657

-

1.011

Area of residence

             
 

Metropolitan

     

1.000

   

1.000

   
 

Province(rural)

     

1.192*

1.048

-

1.356

1.151*

1.014

-

1.306

Past medical history before accident

             
 

Without chronic disease

     

1.000

   

1.000

   
 

With chronic disease

     

1.272*

1.093

-

1.479

1.295*

1.116

-

1.502

Type of injury

             
 

Fracture

         

1.000

   
 

Sprained

         

1.181

0.884

-

1.577

 

Back pain/Musculoskeletal disease

         

1.313

0.839

-

2.054

 

Amputation

         

0.629

0.531

-

0.744

 

Cuts

         

0.804

0.457

-

1.413

 

Bruising/Concussion

         

1.191

0.709

-

2.001

 

Rupture/Laceration

         

0.932

0.794

-

1.094

 

Burns

         

0.793

0.510

-

1.232

 

Others

         

0.860

0.676

-

1.094

Disability grade

             
 

Grade 1 ~ 3

         

1.000

   
 

Grade 4 ~ 7

         

0.400*

0.299

-

0.535

 

Grade 8 ~ 9

         

0.379*

0.277

-

0.518

 

Grade 10 ~ 12

         

0.336*

0.243

-

0.464

 

Grade 13 ~ 14

         

0.236*

0.171

-

0.326

 

No disability

         

0.240*

0.172

-

0.334

Period of medical treatment

             
 

Less than 3 months

         

1.000

   
 

3 ~ 12 months

         

1.285*

1.047

-

1.577

 

More than 1 year

         

1.661*

1.281

-

2.154

  1. Abbreviation: * Statistically significant; RR = Relative Risk; aRR = adjusted Relative Risk; CI = Confidence Interval
  2. a Generalized estimating equation Poisson regression with adjustment for year, sex, age, education level, current economic activity, current household income, area of residence, and past medical history before accident
  3. b Generalized estimating equation Poisson regression with adjustment for year, sex, age, education level, current economic activity, current household income, area of residence, past medical history before accident, type of injury, disability level, and period of medical treatment
Back to article page

Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology

ISSN: 1745-6673