Table 1 Comparison of blood hormone levels of participants with normal and abnormal sperm

Semen count

Semen density

Semen Motility

Normal semen morphology

≥ 20 × 10⁶ (n = 26)

< 20 × 10⁶ (n = 17)

≥ 40 × 10⁶/ml (n = 31)

< 40 × 10⁶/ml (n = 14)

≥ 50% (n = 29)

< 50% (n = 14)

≥ 2% (n = 25)

< 2% (n = 16)

Basal:

   LH (mui/ml)

1.8 (0.7;4.7)

2.7 (1.3;11.7)

2.3 (0.7;4.7)

2.2 (1.3;11.7)

2.1 (0.7;4.6)

2.5 (1.4;6.2)

2.3 (0.7;4.6)

2.2 (0.7;6.2)

   FSH(mui/ml)

2.7 (0.1;2.2)

3.9 (0.8;19.9)

2.5 (0.1;7.2)

3.9 (1.7 ;19.9)

2.7 (0.1;7.3)

3.6 (0.1;8.5)

2.7 (0.1;2.2)

2.7 (1.1;8.5)

   TST (nmol/L)

18.4 (8.0;39.5)

17.0 (9.3;39.4)

20.2 (4.7;39.5)

15.8 (9.3;32.1)

16.4 (4.7;39.4)

20.6(13.7;39.5)

17 (4.7;32.5)

18.1(9.7;32.1)

   E2 (pg/ml)

53.5 (2.0;208.5)

55.0 (13.5;115.5)

53.5 (2.0;208.5)

55.0 (15.0;115.5)

53.5 (2.0;122)

73 (36;208.5)

48.3 (2;208.5)

69.3 (50;159.5)

   IHB (pg/ml)

121.1(33.4;231.3)

73.3(25.2;192.2)

122.0 (35.4; 244.7)

81.4 (25.2;164.1)

115.3 (35.4;244.7)

133.8 (50.1;202.8)

123.3 (35.4;244.7)

101.4 (37.9;173.1)

   SHBG (nmol/L)

32.8 (15.5;95.0)

37.0 (12.0;76.5)

33.5 (15.5; 95.0)

35.5 (12.0;76.5)

33.0 (12.0;95.0)

37.8 (23.5;65.5)

34 (15.5;95.0)

34.3 (16.0;66.0)

Peak Post GnRH:

   LH (mui/ml)

14.6 (4.8;35.1)

25.9 (7.5;83.3)

15.6 (4.8;67.0)

22.9 (7.3;83.3)

16.7 (4.8;67.0)

16.4 (4.8;83.3)

16.4 (5.5;40.3)

18.4 (5.5;40.3)

   FSH (mui/ml)

3.0 (0.6;8.5)

5.4 (1.0;27.6)

3.2 (0.6;11.2)

5.6 (2.4;27.6)

3.2 (0.6;11.2)

3.2 (0.8;27.6)

4.9 (0.9;11.4)

4.9 (0.6;11.4)

   TST (nmol/L)

3.35 (-5.25;21.6)

0.6 (-7.5;18.7)

3.3 (-7.5;21.6)

0.6 (-5.7;18.7)

2.9 (-7.5;21.6)

2.5 (-7.8;21.6)

1.6 (-0.6;16.8)

0.6 (-5.3;16.8)

   E2 (pg/ml)

8.5 (-70.5;95.0)

13.0 (-45.5;49.0)

11.5 (-70.5;95)

3.5 (-45.5;49.0)

10.8(-70.5;95.0)

8.5 (-70.5;95.0)

8.5 (-45.5;49)

15.0 (-45.5;49)

   IHB (pg/ml)

20.7 (-61.4;136.7)

7.7 (-54.8;188.7)

20.7(-61.4;188.7)

9.6 (-15; 67.4)

32.0 (-61.4;188.7)

20.7 (-61.4;188.7)

9.6 (-22.8;132.6)

9.6(-22.9;132.6)

Age (years)

48 (26;60)

44 (30;59)

49 (26;60)

41 (31;58)

46 (26;60)

48 (31;58)

49 (26;60)

45 (31;58)

Abstinence (days)

3.0 (0.2;8.5)

3.0 (1.4;14.3)

3.3 (5.0;10.4)

2.3 (0.2;14.3)

3.1 (2.2;8.5)

2.8 (1.3;14.3)

3.3 (0.2;14.3)

2.7 (1.3;8.2)