Table 2 Distribution and Poisson univariate associations between work ability and demographic variables, physical and mental health, and work environment characteristics among female employees in Norway (N= 597)
Work Ability (WA) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not reduced WA n = 222 | Moderately reduced WA n = 301 | Severely reduced WA N = 51 | Moderately reduced WA | Severely reduced WA | ||||
% | % | % | N | RR | CI 95% | RR | 95% CI | |
Demographic variables | 585 | |||||||
Age (years) (p < 0.001) | ||||||||
18 ≤ 29 | 51.0 | 43.6 | 5.4 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
30–39 | 37.1 | 54.6 | 8.3 | 1.3 | 0.9 – 1.7 | 1.9 | 0.9 – 4.0 | |
40–49 | 24.6 | 59.1 | 16.4 | 1.5 | 1.1 – 2.1 | 4.2 | 1.9 – 8.9 | |
50–67 | 19.4 | 71.0 | 9.7 | 1.7 | 1.1 – 2.7 | 3.5 | 0.9 – 12.5 | |
Missing | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Ethnicity (p > 0.05) | 585 | |||||||
Norwegian | 39.0 | 52.4 | 8.6 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Not ethnic Norwegian | 33.3 | 52.8 | 13.9 | 1.1 | 0.7 – 1.7 | 1.6 | 0.7 – 4.1 | |
Missing | - | - | - | |||||
Marital status (p > 0.05) | 564 | |||||||
Married/cohabiting | 40.3 | 52.0 | 7.6 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Not married/not cohabiting | 35.2 | 53.8 | 11.0 | 1.1 | 0.8 – 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.8 – 2.7 | |
Missing | 20.0 | 50.0 | 30.0 | |||||
Residence (p > 0.05) | 585 | |||||||
Oslo (urban) | 38.9 | 52.7 | 7.8 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Lofoten (rural) | 37.9 | 53.1 | 9.0 | 0.9 | 0.7 – 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.7 – 3.3 | |
Other | 38.4 | 49.3 | 12.3 | 1.0 | 0.8 – 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.6 – 2.1 | |
Missing | - | - | - | |||||
Occupation (p > 0.05) | 571 | |||||||
Skilled | 41.2 | 52.4 | 6.5 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Not skilled | 35.2 | 52.6 | 12.7 | 1.1 | 0.8 – 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.1 – 3.3 | |
Missing | 25.0 | 50.0 | 25.0 | |||||
Working time (p > 0.05) | 569 | |||||||
Part time | 34.8 | 56.5 | 8.7 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Full time | 40.4 | 51.3 | 8.3 | 0.9 | 0.7 – 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.4 – 1.6 | |
Missing | 26.7 | 46.7 | 26.7 | |||||
Physical and mental health | ||||||||
How satisfied are you with your physical health and well-being? (p < 0.001) | 581 | |||||||
Satisfied | 47.4 | 49.3 | 3.3 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Partially satisfied | 15.3 | 72.5 | 12.2 | 1.6 | 1.2 – 2.1 | 6.9 | 3.2 – 14.7 | |
Dissatisfied | 4.8 | 38.1 | 57.1 | 1.7 | 1.0 – 2.9 | 14.4 | 7.4 – 27.8 | |
Missing | 25.0 | 50.0 | 25.0 | |||||
Obesity (p < 0.001) | 552 | |||||||
BMI < 30 | 40.0 | 52.6 | 7.4 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
BMI ≥ 30 | 28.0 | 58.0 | 14.0 | 1.2 | 0.8 – 1.7 | 2.1 | 0.9 – 4.8 | |
Missing | 31.8 | 36.4 | 31.8 | |||||
Mental health (p < 0.001) | 585 | |||||||
No mental distress | 46.2 | 47.5 | 6.3 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Light mental distress | 24.1 | 64.8 | 11.1 | 1.4 | 1.0 – 2.1 | 2.7 | 1.1 – 6.4 | |
Severe mental distress | 2.8 | 73.6 | 23.6 | 1.9 | 1.4 – 2.6 | 7.5 | 4.1 – 13.7 | |
Missing | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Work environment | ||||||||
Physically strenuous work (p < 0.05) | 562 | |||||||
Never | 44.6 | 47.9 | 7.5 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Sometimes/All the time | 33.9 | 56.6 | 9.5 | 1.2 | 0.9 – 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.9 – 2.7 | |
Missing | 25.0 | 50.0 | 25.0 | |||||
Mentally strenuous work (p < 0.05) | 562 | |||||||
Never | 50.6 | 41.8 | 7.9 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Sometimes/All the time | 36.8 | 55.6 | 8.7 | 1.3 | 0.9 – 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.6 – 3.2 | |
Missing | 25.0 | 50.0 | 25.0 | |||||
Workplace stress (p > 0.05) | 562 | |||||||
Never | 32.8 | 56.9 | 10.3 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Sometimes/All the time | 39.7 | 52.0 | 8.3 | 0.9 | 0.6 – 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 – 1.7 | |
Missing | 25.0 | 50.0 | 25.0 | |||||
Do you feel that you utilize your abilities at work? (p < 0.05) | 558 | |||||||
Yes | 44.2 | 49.8 | 6.0 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Partially/No | 33.2 | 55.2 | 11.6 | 1.2 | 0.9 – 1.4 | 2.2 | 1.2 – 3.9 | |
Missing | 25.0 | 56.3 | 18.8 | |||||
To what extent do you personally make decisions about your work? (p > 0.05) | 562 | |||||||
I decide myself | 40.9 | 53.8 | 5.3 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
I partly decide/Immediate supervisor decides what and how | 38.4 | 52.1 | 9.5 | 1.0 | 0.8 – 1.3 | 1.7 | 0.8 – 3.9 | |
Missing | 25.0 | 50.0 | 25.0 | |||||
Are you satisfied with your work? (p < 0.000) | 582 | |||||||
Satisfied | 43.3 | 50.5 | 6.2 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Partly satisfied/Not satisfied | 12.6 | 63.2 | 24.1 | 1.5 | 1.2 – 2.1 | 5.3 | 3.0 – 9.2 | |
Missing | 50.0 | 50.0 | - | |||||
Is there any risk that you might lose your job? (p > 0.05) | 562 | |||||||
No | 38.9 | 52.4 | 8.7 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Yes | 39.5 | 53.1 | 7.4 | 0.9 | 0.7 – 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 – 2.0 | |
Missing | 25.0 | 50.0 | 25.0 | |||||
Work environment (total) (p < 0.01) | 556 | |||||||
Good | 52.2 | 43.4 | 4.4 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
Average | 35.5 | 55.6 | 8.9 | 1.3 | 1.0 – 1.8 | 2.6 | 1.2 – 5.7 | |
Bad | 22.2 | 60.5 | 17.3 | 1.6 | 1.1 – 2.3 | 5.6 | 2.4 – 13.4 | |
Missing | 27.8 | 55.6 | 16.7 | |||||