Table 3 Descriptive statistics of the components in the Effort-reward model. Estimated mean and standard error (SE) of Effort, Reward, Overcommitment, and ERI ratio according to gender, age, education, and occupation group.
Effort | Reward | Over-commitment | ERI | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimated mean | SE | Estimated mean | SE | Estimated mean | SE | Estimated mean | SE | Percent with high score (> 1) | χ2 | ||
Total | 11.7 | 4.2 | 47.8 | 6.5 | 12.1 | 3.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 5.4 (n = 96) | ||
Gender | Men | 11.1 | 0.3 | 47.5 | 0.5 | 11.6 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 6.6 (n = 24) | 1.2 |
Women | 10.8 | 0.3 | 48.3 | 0.4 | 11.8 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 5.2 (n = 72) | ||
Age | -29 | 10.2a | 0.5 | 47.9 | 0.8 | 11.9 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 3.6 (n = 3) | 3.7 |
30–39 | 10.8 | 0.3 | 48.0 | 0.5 | 11.8 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 4.1 (n = 14) | ||
40–49 | 11.3 | 0.3 | 47.7 | 0.4 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 5.3 (n = 28) | ||
50–59 | 11.6a | 0.3 | 47.3 | 0.4 | 11.9 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 6.8 (n = 38) | ||
60- | 10.9 | 0.3 | 48.5 | 0.5 | 11.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 5.3 (n = 13) | ||
Education | Comprehensive school | 10.7 | 0.4 | 48.7 | 0.6 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 3.8 (n = 5) | 1.0 |
Secondary/vocational school | 10.5 | 0.3 | 47.4 | 0.4 | 11.6 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 5.8 (n = 39) | ||
College degree | 11.0 | 0.3 | 47.6 | 0.5 | 11.9 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 5.6 (n = 45) | ||
Higher university degree | 11.7 | 0.4 | 47.8 | 0.7 | 11.9 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 4.6 (n = 7) | ||
Occupation groups | Low-skilled blue-collar | 10.7a | 0.6 | 48.0 | 0.9 | 11.1a | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 4.8 (n = 3) | 2.6 |
High-skilled blue-collar | 9.9b | 0.7 | 47.9 | 1.0 | 11.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0 (n = 0) | ||
Low-skilled white-collar | 10.9c | 0.3 | 47.3 | 0.4 | 11.6b | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 5.6 (n = 37) | ||
High-skilled white-collar | 12.3abc | 0.2 | 48.4 | 0.4 | 12.5ab | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 5.6 (n = 56) | ||