Table 3 Comparison of the Accident Insurance Systems in the Countries of Northeastern, Central Eastern, Southeastern and Eastern Europe* Non-EU-Members

Albania

Independent component of the compulsory social insurance system

All employees; trainees, students, self-employed; voluntary insurance possible

Practical problems, as system is being developed. Employees often fail to pay the contributions.

No cumulation with other pensions.

Professional rehabilitation

Partial invalidity: 10%-33% compensation

33%-66% partial pension

Full invalidity: from 67%

Belarus

Independent component of the compulsory social insurance system

All employees;

prisoners who work in prison;

Excluded: self-employed; Special social insurance for artists, teachers, sportsmen, medical care employees, in public organisations, victims of

Tschernobyl.

21% of workplaces in the country are inadequately insured.

Partial invalidity: Group III

Full invalidity: 100%

3 Groups: Group I: 100% occupational invalidity plus necessity of treatment; Group II: 100% occupational invalidity; Group III: partial invalidity

Bosnia-Herzegovina

Independent component of compulsory social insurance system.

All employees; self-employed, farmers, employees of religious institutions

No cumulation with other pensions.

Special regulations for Republic Srpska and Brcko District.

Partial invalidity: from 20%

Full invalidity: from 100%

Croatia

No independent insurance.

Risks are covered by sickness, invalidity and dependent insurance.

All employees

Professional rehabilitation, if occupational invalidity at least 50% and aged under 50

Partial invalidity: n.s.

Full invalidity: from 51%

Macedonia

No independent insurance

Risks are covered by sickness, invalidity and dependent insurance?

n.s.

Because of the lack of financial, institutional and personal resources, the social insurance system is not yet capable of providing functional services. Since 2000 WHO Collaborating Center Skopje: "Specific occupational risks in health care workers- infectious and psychosocial hazards"

Partial invalidity: Group I and II.

Full invalidity: 100%

3 Groups: I: Occupational validity can be restored. II: Partial occupational invalidity; III: Complete occupational invalidity

Rep. of Moldavia

No independent insurance?

Risks are covered by sickness, invalidity and dependent insurance?

All employees, members of cooperatives, students, trainees, self-employed. Voluntary insurance possible

n.s.

Partial invalidity: Group III

Full invalidity: 100%

3 Groups: Group I: Occupational invalidity for all areas of work plus nursing care from third parties; Group II: Occupational invalidity for all areas of work; Group III: Partial invalidity

Montenegro

In development.

Articles 15 and 16 of the Law on Health Care define actions to be taken to protect health at the place of work.

Declaration of independence 2006.

Restructuring in all areas.

n.s.

Serbia

No independent insurance

Risks are covered by sickness, invalidity and dependent insurance

All employees;

Self-employed, cooperative members, farmers, artists.

Voluntary insurance possible.

Special system for members of the armed forces.

Invalidity pension was only introduced in 2008.

Declaraton of independence of Kosovo in 02/2008.

Partial invalidity: from 30%

Full invalidity: n.s.

Eight different invalidity grades

Turkey

No independent insurance

Risks are covered by sickness, invalidity and dependent insurance?

All employees, trainees, students, prisoners who work in prison.

Special regulations for civil servants, self-employed and farmers. Excluded: part time domestic servants

2004, 9.58% had no social insurance. High additional payment for drugs

Partial invalidity: from 10-25%: compensation

Full invalidity: 2/3 = 66%

Ukraine

Individual component of the compulsory social insurance system

All employees; Voluntary insurance possible. Special services for victims of Tschernobyl.

n.s.

Partial invalidity: Group III

Full invalidity: 100%

3 Groups: Group I: 100% occupational invalidity plus necessity of treatment; Group II: 100% occupational invalidity; Group III: Partial invalidity