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Table 1 Characteristics of studies

From: Tuberculin skin test and Quantiferon test agreement and influencing factors in tuberculosis screening of healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

First author

Country

n

Gender (F/M)

Sample age a

Working seniority a

Type of study

TB incidence 2012 b

Screening year

TB real incidence c

PPD dose

Type of PPD d

BCG vaccination(%)

Zwerling et al., 2012 [45]

Canada

388

288/100

34,4 (26,9-44,7) y M(range)

5 (2–12) y M(range)

Cross-sectional

4,5

2007-2011

4,8

5 U

PPD-S

36

Khoury et al., 2011 [40]

Minnesota, USA

611

Missing data

/

Start of work 100%

Cross-sectional

3,9

2005-2006

5,3

5 U

PPD-S (as in national guidelines)

82

Fox et al., 2009 [30]

Israel

100

69/31

31 ± 10 y m + SD

TST-: 3,7 ± 6,1 y TST+: 8,7 ± 10,1 y QFT-: 4,6 ± 7,3 y QFT+: 4,2 ± 5,8 y m + SD

Prospective

5,8

2007

6,1

5 U

PPD-S

37

Vinton et al., 2009 [29]

Australia

481

431/50

42 (20–66) y M(range)

/

Cross-sectional

6

2008

6,1

10 U

PPD-S

78

Larcher et al., 2012 [46]

Italy

549

397/152

38,3 (19–64) y m(range)

/

Cross-sectional

2,8

2006-2007

6,7

5 U

PPD-S (as in national guidelines)

38

Nienhaus et al., 2008e [25]

Germany

261

212/49

40 ± 10,4 y m ± SD

/

Cross-sectional

4,5

2006

6,8

2 U

PPD-RT23

38

Soborg et al., 2007e [23]

Denmark

139

115/24

<30 y 17% 30–39 y 30% 40–49 y 33% ≥ 50 y 20%

/

Cross-sectional

6,5

2007

6,9

2 U

PPD-RT23

76

Girardi et al., 2009 [31]

Italy

115

67/48

≤41 y 51% >41 y 49%

/

Cross-sectional

2,8

2004-2005

7,5

5 U

PPD-S

37

Freeman et al., 2012e [47]

New Zealand

325

270/55

18-30 y 49,2% 31–50 y 41,8% 51–60 y 8,9%

/

Cross-sectional

7,6

2007-2008

8,5

5 U

PPD-S (as in national guidelines)

67

Tripodi et al., 2009 [32]

France

148

109/39

20-29 y 28,4% 30–39 y 19.6% 40–49 y 27,7% 50–60 y 24,3%

≤10 y 52,7% > 10 y 47,3%

Cross-sectional

4,3

2006-2007

9,2

2U

PPD-S (Tubertest)

100

Alvarez-Leon et al., 2009 [33]

Spain

134

101/33

33,4 ± 9,4 y m ± SD

10,8 ± 8,2 y m ± SD

Cross-sectional

15

2007

18

2 U

PPD-RT23

35

Casas et al., 2009 [34]

Spain

147

113/34

43,3 (22–63) y M(range)

18,4 (1–43) y m(range)

Cross-sectional

15

2004-2005

19

2 U

PPD-RT23

16

Talebi-Taher et al., 2011 [41]

Iran

200

127/73

34,36 ± 8,26 y m + SD

1-10 y 69,5% 11–20 y 23% 21–30 y 7,5%

Cross-sectional

21

2009-2010

19,5

5 U

PPD SACHIN (Surat) India

100

Hotta et al., 2007e [24]

Japan

207

132/75

20 (18–42) y M(range)

/

Cross-sectional

19

2006

24

3 U

PPD (equivalent to PPD-S)

93

Topic et al., 2009 [35]

Croatia

54

51/3

44 (21–63) y m(range)

/

Cross-sectional

17

2007

25

2 U

PPD-RT23

100

Ozdemir et al., 2010e [38]

Turkey

76

33/43

30,4 ± 5,4 y m + SD

3,9 ± 4,7 y m ± SD

Cross-sectional

24

2005

31

5 U

PPD-S

91

Torres Costa et al., 2011 [42]

Portugal

2884

2068/816

<25 y 10,4% 25–29 y 28,5% 30–39 y 27,4% 40–49 y 18,5% ≥50 y 15,2%

start of work 13,9% <1 y 4,9% 1–5 y 27,3% >5-10 y 16,1% 10–20 y 19,9% ≥20 y 18%

Cohort

24

2007

33

2 U

PPD-RT23

100

Rafiza et al., 2011 [43]

Malaysia

953

839/114

<24 y 30,7% 25–29 y 35,2% 30–34 y 15,6% > 35 y 18,5%

<1 y 14% 1–5 y 47% 6–10 y 17,5% ≥ 11 y 21,5%

Cross-sectional

81

2008-2009

83

2 U

PPD-RT23

100

Choi et al., 2008 [26]

South Korea

80

75/5

28 (23–45) y M(range)

26 (12–240) m M(range)

Cross-sectional

100

2006

90

2 U

PPD-RT23

100

Lee et al., 2009 [36]

South Korea

196

196/0

23,4 ± 1,4 y m + SD

/

Prospective

100

2007

92

2 U

PPD-RT23

93

Lee et al., 2010 [39]

South Korea

82

82/0

28 (22–53) y M(range)

51,5 (0,25-276) m M(range)

Cross-sectional

100

2009-2010

97

2 U

PPD-RT23

100

Moon et al., 2011 [44]

South Korea

173

102/71

32 (22–67) y M(range)

7 (0,2-42) y M(range)

Cross-sectional

100

2010

98

2 U

PPD-RT23

100

Jung et al., 2012 [48]

South Korea

153

48/105

21.9 ± 0.9 y m + SD

/

Cross-sectional

108

2010-2012

102

2 U

PPD-RT23

86

Jo et al., 2013 [50]

South Korea

493

383/110

30,6 ± 6,0 y m + SD

<1 y 8,3% 1–5 y 49,7% 6–10 y 23,1% 11–15 y 13,8% ≥ 15 y 5,1%

Cross-sectional

100

2012

108

2 U

PPD-RT23

81

Whitaker et al., 2013 [51]

Georgia

319

259/60

18-29 y 20% 30–39 y 26% 40–49 y 31% ≥ 50 y 23%

0-4 y 22% 5–14 y 26% 15–24 y 23% ≥ 25 y 29%

Prospective

125

2009-2011

128

5 U

PPD-S

90

Mirtskhulava et al., 2008 [27]

Georgia

265

229/36

42 (18–74) y m(range)

8 (1–42) y M (range)

Cross-sectional

125

2006

160

5 U

PPD-S

78

Lien et al., 2009 [37]

Vietnam

265

197/68

40 (20–58) y M(range)

<2 y 11% ≥2 < 5 y 17,7% ≥5 < 10 y 16,6% ≥10 y 54,7%

Cross-sectional

151

2007

202

5 U

PPD (Pasteur Institute, Vietnam)

33

Pai et al., 2008 [28]

India

719

446/273

22 y M

/

Cohort

249

2004

212

1 U

PPD-RT23

71

He et al., 2012 [49]

Mongolia

917

659/258

18-29 y 22% 30–39 y 23% 40–49 y 35% ≥ 50 y 20%

10 (<1-50) y M(range)

Cross-sectional

223

2010

224

5 U

missing data

34

  1. aData shown through mean (m) + standard deviation (SD) or through mean (m) and range or through Median (M) and range or through percentage (%); / = missing data. Data are shown in months (m) or years (y).
  2. bAccording to WHO data 2012, rates for 100.000 population.
  3. cAccording to WHO data for each screening year, rates for 100.000 population.
  4. dAccording to data reported in each study or cited national guidelines.
  5. eStudies not included for the meta-analysis.