Fig. 1

Effect of HDE on BAL cell counts. Exposure to HDE caused an increase in total BAL cell numbers (a) and a shift from predominantly macrophages to neutrophils (b). Increasing CO₂ levels (5000 and 7500 ppm) from ambient air (air) had no significant effect on BAL cell number or type in BAL samples. Bar graphs represent standard deviation with error bars shown (N = 8 mice/group, N = 4 mice/group for 7500 ppm groups). Statistical significance denoted by asterisks (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01) as compared to respective saline treatment group