Total (n = 16,792) | Manual workers (n = 5571) | Skilled/super-visory workers (n = 7690) | Managerial staff (n = 3531) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1–7 days | 8–30 days | > 30 days | 1–7 days | 8–30 days | > 30 days | 1–7 days | 8–30 days | > 30 days | 1–7 days | 8–30 days | > 30 days | |
% | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |
Total | 16.7 | 10.3 | 6.5 | 17.8 | 13.4 | 8.9 | 17.4 | 10.7 | 6.5 | 13.3 | 4.5 | 2.6 |
Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||||||||||
Gender | ||||||||||||
Male | 17.0 | 10.8 | 6.6 | 17.8 | 13.7 | 8.9 | 18.2 | 11.1 | 6.4 | 13.1 | 4.8 | 2.4 |
Female | 15.4 | 8.3 | 6.0 | 16.5 | 7.1 | 9.1 | 15.7 | 10.0 | 6.6 | 13.9 | 3.4 | 3.0 |
Marital status | ||||||||||||
Single | 14.5 | 6.4 | 3.6 | 15.6 | 8.3 | 4.8 | 14.5 | 6.3 | 3.0 | 12.0 | 1.8 | 2.5 |
Married | 17.0 | 11.0 | 7.1 | 18.2 | 14.8 | 10.3 | 18.0 | 11.7 | 7.3 | 13.3 | 4.7 | 2.3 |
Divorced | 20.2 | 13.9 | 8.1 | 20.9 | 17.9 | 9.6 | 20.5 | 12.7 | 7.7 | 17.4 | 8.1 | 6.2 |
Widowed | 11.6 | 16.3 | 12.4 | 15.2 | 12.1 | 15.2 | 10.7 | 17.3 | 10.7 | 9.5 | 19.1 | 14.3 |
Lifestyle-related characteristics | ||||||||||||
Body-Mass-Index | ||||||||||||
Normal weight (< 25 kg/m2) | 15.1 | 7.5 | 4.8 | 16.7 | 10.2 | 7.1 | 16.0 | 8.5 | 5.3 | 12.6 | 3.8 | 2.4 |
Overweight (25- < 30 kg/m2) | 17.3 | 11.7 | 7.4 | 17.7 | 15.0 | 9.6 | 18.5 | 11.5 | 7.4 | 13.7 | 5.0 | 2.6 |
Obesity (≥ 30 kg/m2) | 18.3 | 12.9 | 7.7 | 18.9 | 13.4 | 9.4 | 18.2 | 13.8 | 7.0 | 15.8 | 5.6 | 3.3 |
Smoking status | ||||||||||||
Non-smoker | 16.0 | 8.3 | 4.4 | 18.9 | 11.5 | 6.6 | 16.9 | 9.8 | 4.7 | 12.3 | 3.7 | 2.3 |
Former smoker | 17.5 | 13.1 | 9.2 | 16.1 | 16.3 | 11.2 | 18.5 | 11.9 | 9.0 | 18.0 | 7.7 | 3.8 |
Smoker | 17.4 | 12.2 | 8.6 | 17.9 | 13.0 | 9.6 | 17.3 | 12.0 | 8.1 | 13.8 | 6.2 | 3.3 |
Work-related characteristics | ||||||||||||
Working time system | ||||||||||||
Day work | 16.3 | 9.3 | 5.8 | 17.9 | 13.9 | 9.3 | 17.5 | 10.3 | 6.3 | a | a | a |
Shift work | 17.6 | 13.0 | 8.3 | 17.7 | 13.0 | 8.7 | 17.4 | 12.9 | 7.3 | a | a | a |
Work-related stress score | ||||||||||||
Q1 (0–6 points) | 13.2 | 6.6 | 3.8 | 15.2 | 8.5 | 4.4 | 13.1 | 6.5 | 4.1 | 8.2 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
Q2 (7–8 points) | 16.6 | 9.3 | 5.2 | 17.8 | 12.5 | 7.6 | 17.9 | 9.6 | 4.9 | 11.6 | 3.5 | 1.7 |
Q3 (9–10 points) | 18.0 | 12.0 | 7.6 | 18.5 | 16.5 | 12.2 | 19.6 | 12.4 | 7.1 | 13.8 | 5.4 | 2.5 |
Q4 (≥ 11 points) | 20.1 | 14.5 | 10.4 | 23.0 | 20.9 | 16.3 | 20.2 | 15.9 | 10.9 | 17.4 | 6.5 | 4.3 |
Back-related variables | ||||||||||||
Ever acquired a spinal injury due to an accident | ||||||||||||
No | 16.5 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 17.5 | 13.0 | 8.5 | 17.3 | 10.4 | 5.9 | 13.0 | 4.3 | 2.5 |
Yes | 21.6 | 17.5 | 16.4 | 23.8 | 22.3 | 20.2 | 20.4 | 17.1 | 17.4 | 21.4 | 9.2 | 5.1 |
History of spondylopathy (ICD-10: M45-M49) | ||||||||||||
No | 16.6 | 10.1 | 6.1 | 17.8 | 13.1 | 8.5 | 17.4 | 10.6 | 6.1 | 13.2 | 4.5 | 2.5 |
Yes | 18.3 | 23.0 | 28.0 | 17.4 | 28.6 | 33.7 | 17.9 | 21.6 | 27.6 | 24.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 |
History of other dorsopathy excluding back pain (ICD-10: M50-M53) | ||||||||||||
No | 15.7 | 8.1 | 3.9 | 16.9 | 10.0 | 5.2 | 16.4 | 9.0 | 4.2 | 12.7 | 3.9 | 1.6 |
Yes | 20.9 | 19.9 | 17.7 | 20.2 | 23.3 | 19.9 | 21.9 | 18.5 | 16.6 | 19.5 | 10.3 | 12.6 |