Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcome: Knowledge on hazardous chemicals used by research laboratory workers | N | % | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p |
Log-likelihood = − 144.245, χ2 = 34.5, P value = 0.0001, No. of obs. = 234 | ||||||||
Laboratory site | ||||||||
University of Catanzaro | 85 | 54.1 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
University of Cosenza | 24 | 30 | 0.36 | 0.02–0.64 | 0.001 | 0.27 | 0.12–0.58 | 0.001 |
Gender | ||||||||
Male | 28 | 52.8 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
Female | 81 | 44 | 0.7 | 0.38–1.29 | 0.258 | 0.54 | 0.27–1.07 | 0.080 |
Age, years | ||||||||
≤ 30 | 40 | 47.1 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
31–40 | 45 | 51.7 | 1.20 | 0.66–2.19 | 0.541 | 0.49 | 0.21–1.14 | 0.102 |
> 40 | 24 | 36.9 | 0.65 | 0.34–1.27 | 0.215 | 0.25 | 0.08–0.76 | 0.015 |
Employment status | ||||||||
Temporary workers | 54 | 45.4 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
Permanent workers | 54 | 46.2 | 0.98 | 0.77–1.26 | 0.922 | 2.1 | 0.85–5.16 | 0.105 |
Number of hazardous chemicals used in the attended lab | ||||||||
≤ 5 | 42 | 43.3 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
6–10 | 58 | 53.2 | 1.48 | 0.85–2.58 | 0.156 | 2.56 | 1.34–4.91 | 0.004 |
> 10 | 9 | 29 | 0.53 | 0.22–1.28 | 0.161 | 2.20 | 0.71–6.75 | 0.167 |
Number of months working in the attended lab | ||||||||
< 24 | 39 | 42.4 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
24–48 | 23 | 50 | 1.35 | 0.66–2.76 | 0.398 | 1.38 | 0.65–2.92 | 0.391 |
49–120 | 28 | 66.7 | 2.71 | 1.26–5.83 | 0.010 | 2.99 | 1.31–6.85 | 0.009 |
> 120 | 19 | 34.6 | 0.71 | 0.35–1.43 | 0.347 | Backward elimination | ||
Outcome: Self-reported preventive measures adopted by the workers during their research practices in the laboratories | N | % | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p |
Log-likelihood = − 118.733, χ2 = 76.16, P value < 0.0001, No. of obs. = 234 | ||||||||
Number of hazardous chemical used in current lab | ||||||||
≤ 5 | 36 | 37.1 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
6–10 | 48 | 44 | 1.33 | 0.76–2.33 | 0.313 | 1.48 | 0.76–2.89 | 0.247 |
> 10 | 9 | 29 | 0.69 | 0.28–1.66 | 0.413 | Backward elimination | ||
Number of months working in the attended lab | ||||||||
< 24 | 29 | 31.5 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
24–48 | 24 | 52.2 | 2.36 | 1.14–4.90 | 0.020 | 3.24 | 1.33–7.89 | 0.009 |
9–120 | 19 | 45.2 | 1.79 | 0.84–3.79 | 0.127 | 2.02 | 0.82–4.94 | 0.122 |
> 120 | 20 | 36.4 | 1.24 | 0.61–2.50 | 0.547 | Backward elimination | ||
Visit to GP in the previous year | ||||||||
No | 25 | 32.9 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
Yes | 68 | 42.2 | 1.49 | 0.84–2.64 | 0.17 | 1.41 | 0.69–2.86 | 0.338 |
Perception of safety of workplace | ||||||||
Unsafe | 14 | 27.5 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
Somewhat safe | 30 | 33.3 | 1.32 | 0.62–2.81 | 0.469 | 1.69 | 0.62–4.59 | 0.299 |
Safe | 49 | 51 | 2.75 | 1.32–5.73 | 0.007 | 1.75 | 0.64–4.79 | 0.274 |
Perception of risk associated to chemical exposure | ||||||||
< 4 (not much) | 51 | 47.2 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
≥ 4 (much) | 42 | 32.6 | 0.53 | 0.31–0.91 | 0.02 | 0.4 | 0.18–0.86 | 0.020 |
Perception of exposure to biological risk | ||||||||
1–2 (not exposed) | 31 | 33 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
3 (moderately exposed) | 19 | 38.8 | 1.28 | 0.62–2.63 | 0.491 | 2.35 | 0.92–5.96 | 0.072 |
4–5 (very exposed) | 43 | 45.7 | 1.71 | 0.94–3.09 | 0.074 | 2.81 | 1.24–6.38 | 0.013 |
Risk perception of radiation exposure | ||||||||
1–2 (not exposed) | 66 | 37.1 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
3 (moderately exposed) | 20 | 50 | 1.69 | 0.85–3.38 | 0.133 | 2.53 | 0.97–6.56 | 0.055 |
4–5 (very exposed) | 7 | 36.8 | 0.98 | 0.37–2.63 | 0.984 | 2.22 | 0.64–7.65 | 0.205 |
The laboratory colleagues handle chemicals following safety procedures | ||||||||
1–2 (strongly disagree or disagree) | 10 | 19.2 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
3 (uncertain) | 18 | 40.9 | 2.9 | 1.16–7.25 | 0.022 | 7.24 | 2.16–24.22 | 0.001 |
4–5 (strongly agree or agree) | 65 | 46.1 | 3.59 | 1.67–7.71 | 0.001 | 2.97 | 1.08–8.15 | 0.034 |
Availability of proper PPE | ||||||||
1–2 (strongly disagree or disagree) | 14 | 26.9 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
3 (uncertain) | 11 | 27.5 | 1.02 | 0.40–2.59 | 0.951 | 0.48 | 0.18–1.27 | 0.140 |
4–5 (strongly agree or agree) | 68 | 46.9 | 2.39 | 1.19–4.79 | 0.014 | Backward elimination | ||
Perception that safety measures protect from unwanted effects related to exposure to chemicals | ||||||||
1–2 (strongly disagree or disagree) | 24 | 30 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
3 (uncertain) | 7 | 23.3 | 0.71 | 0.26–1.87 | 0.490 | 0.2 | 0.058–0.7 | 0.012 |
4–5 (strongly agree or agree) | 62 | 48.8 | 2.22 | 1.23–4.02 | 0.008 | Backward elimination | ||
Perception that exposure to cancerogenic chemicals is extremely low | ||||||||
1–2 (strongly disagree or disagree) | 47 | 38.2 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
3 (uncertain) | 7 | 22.6 | 0.47 | 0.18–1.18 | 0.108 | 0.26 | 0.08–0.81 | 0.020 |
4–5 (strongly agree or agree) | 39 | 47 | 1.43 | 0.81–2.51 | 0.211 | Backward elimination | ||
Perception of having received an adequate training in management of accidents and first aid | ||||||||
1–2 (inadequate) | 11 | 19.3 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
3 (just adequate) | 33 | 43.4 | 3.2 | 1.44–7.13 | 0.004 | 3.93 | 1.5–10.26 | 0.005 |
4–5 (totally adequate) | 49 | 47.1 | 3.72 | 1.73–7.98 | 0.001 | 2.27 | 0.89–5.81 | 0.086 |
Perception of having received an adequate training in the interpretation of safety data sheets | ||||||||
1–2 (inadequate) | 12 | 26.1 | 1.00* | 1.00* | ||||
3 (just adequate) | 13 | 24.1 | 0.89 | 0.36–2.22 | 0.817 | 0.17 | 0.06–0.45 | < 0.001 |
4–5 (totally adequate) | 68 | 49.6 | 2.79 | 1.33–5.84 | 0.006 | Backward elimination |