Table 2 Representation of the recorded body/joint angles according to the applied evaluation parameters and evaluation criteria, according to the ergonomic aspects
Body region | Joint / Body region | Direction of motion | Parameter (medical definition of degree of freedom) | Evaluation guideline values according to ISO 11226 and DIN EN 1005–4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
head / neck | head | sagittal tilt | head tilt forward | neutral (green): 0° - 25° moderate (yellow): 25° - 85° awkward (red): < 0° & > 85° |
lateral tilt | head side tilt to the right | neutral (green): −10° - 10° awkward (red): < − 10° & > 10° | ||
cervical spine | flexion / extension | neck curvature to the front [difference between head and thoracic spine.] | neutral (green): 0° - 25° awkward (red): < 0° & > 25° | |
lateral flexion | neck curvature to the right [difference between head and thoracic spine.] | neutral (green):-10° - 10° awkward (red): < −10° & > 10° | ||
back | thoracic spine | flexion / extension | thoracic spine inclined to the front | neutra (green)l: 0° - 20° moderate (yellow): 20° - 60° awkward (red): < 0° & > 60° |
lateral flexion | thoracic spine inclined to the right | neutral (green): −10° to10° moderate (yellow): − 10° to −20° moderate (yellow): 10° to 20° awkward (red): < − 20° & > 20 | ||
lumbar spine | flexion / extension | lumbar spine inclined to the front | no ISO standards available | |
lateral flexion | lumbar spine lateral inclination to the right | |||
torso | flexion / extension | back curvature to the front [difference between thoracic and lumbar spine] | neutral (green): 0° - 20° moderate (yellow): 20° - 40° awkward (red): < 0° & > 40° | |
trunk inclined to the front [average flexion of thoracic and lumbar spine] | neutral (green): 0° - 20° moderate (yellow): 20° - 60° awkward (red): < 0°& > 60° | |||
lateral flexion | back curvature to the right [difference between thoracic and lumbar spine] | neutral (green): −10° - 10° moderate (yellow): − 10° - (−20°) moderate (yellow): 10° - 20° awkward (red): < − 20° & > 20° | ||
trunk inclined to the right [average lateral flexion of thoracic and lumbar spine] | ||||
torsion | back torsion to the right [difference between thoracic and lumbar spine] |