Table 3 SEM classification of individual PM10particles.
PM10 coarse fraction (diameter > 2.5 and < 10 μm) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spherical | Cluster | Irregular | ||||||
n = 13 | n = 45 | n = 86 | ||||||
Element | Min | Max | Min | Max | Min | Max | ||
C | 26.5 | 68.6 | 17.2 | 60.0 | 14.2 | 59.1 | ||
O | 25.6 | 45.0 | 25.7 | 44.8 | 11.9 | 49.4 | ||
S | nd | nd | 0.8 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 12.0 | ||
Fe | 0.4 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 12.0 | 0.4 | 11.8 | ||
Cu | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 3.6 | ||
PM10 fine fraction (diameter < 2.5 μm) | ||||||||
Spherical | Cluster | Irregular | Soot Aggregate | |||||
n = 12 | n = 10 | n = 28 | n = 22 | |||||
Element | Min | Max | Min | Max | Min | Max | Min | Max |
C | 13.0 | 60.2 | 20.6 | 55.8 | 18.8 | 44.1 | 23.3 | 54.0 |
O | 27.2 | 43.5 | 30.0 | 44.3 | 25.8 | 51.3 | 21.5 | 41.9 |
S | nd | nd | nd | nd | 0.5 | 1.9 | nd | nd |
Fe | 0.6 | 3.1 | 0.7 | 3.3 | 0.4 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 0.9 |
Cu | 0.5 | 1.0 | nd | nd | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 1.5 |