Table 1 Content of the STRAIN-EOS (second version)
STRAIN-EOS questionnaire (second version) | items | response option | content | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
demographic information | ||||
general information | in-house developed single items | 4 | multiple | demographic information on the observed person, date of observation, area of work |
framework conditions at work | ||||
observed shift | in-house developed single items | 3 | multiple | hierarchical position, details of the observed shift |
demands at work | ||||
observed quantitative demands | in-house developed scale according to COPSOQ 2005a | 6 | 5-point Likert scale | (1) workload is unevenly distributed; the observed person (2) has to work very fast, (3) does not have time to complete all work tasks, (4) gets behind with his/her work, (5) can take it easy and still do his/her worke, (6) does have enough time for his/her work taskse |
observed sensorial demands | in-house developed scale according to COPSOQ 2005a | 5 | 5-point Likert scale | work of the observed person demands (1) a great deal of concentration, (2) very clear and precise eyesight, (3) controlling his/her movements, (4) constant attention, (5) a high level of precision |
observed physical risks | in-house developed scale according to EWCS Q30c | 4 | 7-point Likert scale | job of the observed person involves (1) tiring or painful positions, (2) lifting or moving people, (3) carrying or moving heady loads, (4) repetitive arm or hand movements |
work organization and content | ||||
observed possibilities for development | in-house developed scale according to COPSOQ 2005a | 7 | 5-point Likert scale | (1) variety of work, (2) work of the observed person demands a high level of skill or expertise, the observed person (3) has to do the same thing over and over againe, (4) work of the observed person requires taking the initiative; the observed person (5) has the possibility to learn new things through his/her work, (6) can use his/her skills or expertise, (7) has the opportunity to develop his/her skills through work |
observed influence at work | in-house developed scale according to COPSOQ 2005a | 10 | 5-point Likert scale | (1) other people make decisions concerning his/her worke, (2) the observed person has a large degree of influence concerning his/her work; observed person has influence on (3) how quickly, (4) when, (5) what (6) how to do his/her work, (7) the amount of work, (8) who to work with, (9) his/her work environment, (10) the quality of his/her work |
observed degree of freedom at work | in-house developed scale according to COPSOQ 2005a | 4 | 5-point Likert scale | observed person can (1) decide when to take a break, (2) decide when to take his/her holidays, (3) leave work to chat with a colleague, (4) leave work for short private business |
social relations and leadership | ||||
observed predictability | in-house developed scale according to COPSOQ 2017b | 2 | 5-point Likert scale | observed person (1) is well informed in advance, e.g. about important decisions, changes or plans for the future, (2) receives all information needed to do his/her work well |
observed social support | in-house developed scale according to COSPOQ 2017b | 4 | 5-point Likert scale | observed person (1) gets help and support from colleagues or (2) the immediate superior if needed, (3) colleagues or (4) the immediate superior listen to his/her work-related problems |
observed social community | in-house developed scale according to COPSOQ 2005a | 3 | 5-point Likert scale | (1) good atmosphere and (2) good cooperation between observed person and colleagues, (3) observed person seems to be part of a community at his/her work |
observed social relations | in-house developed scale according to COPSOQ 2005a | 2 | 5-point Likert scale | observed person (1) has the possibility to talk to his/her colleagues during work, (2) works isolated from his/her colleaguese |
subjective assessment of perceived stress-level during shift | ||||
observer’s estimated level of work-related stress | in-house developed single items based on Leistungserfassung in der Pflege (LEP®)d | 1 | 7-point Likert scale | observer’s estimated level of work-related stress related to his/her observed shift |
questions about non-observable items | ||||
reasons for non-observable items | in-house developed single items | 1 | open | documentation of reasons for non-observable items during the observation |